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2.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33946914

RESUMO

We aimed to identify and compare medication profiles in populations with polypharmacy between 2005 and 2015. We conducted a cross-sectional study using information from the Computerized Database for Pharmacoepidemiologic Studies in Primary Care (BIFAP, Spain). We estimated the prevalence of therapeutic subgroups in all individuals 15 years of age and older with polypharmacy (≥5 drugs during ≥6 months) using the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system level 4, by sex and age group, for both calendar years. The most prescribed drugs were proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs), statins, antiplatelet agents, benzodiazepine derivatives, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. The greatest increases between 2005 and 2015 were observed in PPIs, statins, other antidepressants, and ß-blockers, while the prevalence of antiepileptics was almost tripled. We observed increases in psychotropic drugs in women and cardiovascular medications in men. By patient´s age groups, there were notable increases in antipsychotics, antidepressants, and antiepileptics (15-44 years); antidepressants, PPIs, and selective ß-blockers (45-64 years); selective ß-blockers, biguanides, PPIs, and statins (65-79 years); and in statins, selective ß-blockers, and PPIs (80 years and older). Our results revealed important increases in the use of specific therapeutic subgroups, like PPIs, statins, and psychotropic drugs, highlighting opportunities to design and implement strategies to analyze such prescriptions' appropriateness.


Assuntos
Prescrições de Medicamentos , Polimedicação , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Farmacoepidemiologia , Espanha/epidemiologia , Adulto Jovem
3.
Rev Esp Salud Publica ; 942020 Dec 09.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33226015

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: One of the adverse drug reactions (ADR) can be the Ototoxicity, either in a cochlear level or in a vestibular one. This may cause an incapacitating symptomatology due to a hearing impairment or deafness, tinnitus, or a vertiginous syndrome. The objective of this work was to analyze the notifications of ototoxic ADRs registered in the FEDRA database of the Spanish Pharmacovigilance System for Medicinal products for Human Use (SEFV-H), manifested as tinnitus, describing epidemiological and prognostic factors, as well as active principles and associated therapeutic groups. METHODS: An observational retrospective study based on the incoming registers in the FEDRA database of the SEFV-H, with tinnitus symptomatology due to ototoxicity between 1984 and 2017 has been carried out. SPSS v.20.0 program has been used for the descriptive and inferential statistics searching elements related to the emergence, seriousness or recuperation of the tinnitus. RESULTS: A total of 662 patients notifications were obtained with 899 suspected drugs. 64% of the patients were women. The average age was 55.8 years old. An 8.5% of the tinnitus were classified as serious, meaning a significant and persistent disability. Evaluating the causality through the modified Karch-Lasagna algorithm (SEFV-H algorithm), a causal group credible or well defined, was discovered in 48.6%. In the ATC ranking, the most frequent group of cause drugs was the N, nervous system. It was concluded, among others, that the seriousness is more significant in men and that the elder group have a great influence in the tinnitus recovery. CONCLUSIONS: The appearance of tinnitus brought on by medical ototoxicity may determine an important limitation on the patient. A vestibular and cochlear function monitoring must be carried out on patients under treatment with high ototoxicity drugs. The task of the pharmacovigilance seems to be essential, by spreading its results and stimulating the ADR notifications in order to identify pharmacological threats.


OBJETIVO: Una de las reacciones adversas del consumo de fármacos puede ser la ototoxicidad, tanto a nivel coclear como vestibular. Esto puede producir una clínica incapacitante por hipoacusia o sordera, acúfenos o tinnitus, o bien un síndrome vertiginoso. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las notificaciones de RAM ototóxicas registradas en la base de datos FEDRA del Sistema Español de Farmacovigilancia de medicamentos de uso humano (SEFV-H), manifestadas como acúfeno, describiendo factores epidemiológicos y pronósticos, así como principios activos y grupos terapéuticos asociados. METODOS: Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo sobre los registros de la base de datos FEDRA del SEFV-H, con sintomatología de acúfenos por ototoxicidad entre los años 1984 y 2017. Se usó el programa SPSS v.20.0. para la estadística descriptiva e inferencial, buscando factores relacionados con la aparición, gravedad o recuperación del acúfeno. RESULTADOS: Se obtuvieron un total de 662 notificaciones de pacientes con 899 fármacos sospechosos. Un 64% de los pacientes eran mujeres. La edad media fue de 55,8 años. Un 8,5% de los acúfenos se etiquetaron como graves, suponiendo una discapacidad persistente o significativa. Evaluando la causalidad con el algoritmo de Karch-Lasagna modificado o el algoritmo del SEFV-H, se encontró una asociación causal probable o definida en el 48,6% de los casos. En la clasificación ATC, el grupo más frecuente de fármacos causantes fue el N (sistema nervioso). Se obtuvo, entre otros datos, que la gravedad era mayor significativamente en hombres y que el grupo de edad influía en la recuperación del acúfeno. CONCLUSIONES: La aparición de acúfenos por una ototoxicidad medicamentosa puede condicionar una limitación importante en el paciente. Se debe realizar una monitorización de la función vestibular y coclear en pacientes sometidos a tratamientos con potencial ototóxico. La labor de la farmacovigilancia se muestra fundamental, debiéndose difundir sus resultados y estimular las notificaciones de las reacciones adversas a medicamentos para identificar los riesgos farmacológicos.


Assuntos
Sistemas de Notificação de Reações Adversas a Medicamentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos , Farmacovigilância , Zumbido/induzido quimicamente , Adulto , Idoso , Algoritmos , Bases de Dados Factuais , Pessoas com Deficiência , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Preparações Farmacêuticas , Estudos Retrospectivos , Espanha/epidemiologia
4.
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf ; 29(4): 433-443, 2020 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31908111

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To analyze the evolution of the prevalence of polypharmacy and excessive polypharmacy in a Spanish population, and to improve the identification of patients with polypharmacy. METHODS: A descriptive, annual cross-sectional observational study was carried out. PATIENTS: individuals over 14 years of age included in a multiregional primary care database of the Spanish population (BIFAP). ANALYSIS: prescription data. Period 2005-2015. VARIABLES: proportion of patients with polypharmacy (simultaneous prescription of ≥5 drugs) and excessive polypharmacy (≥10 drugs) for at least 6 months, according to sex and age groups. A trend analysis of the studied period was performed (overall, and by sex and age groups). RESULTS: The data are reported on a comparative basis (2005 vs 2015). Number of patients analyzed: 2664743 vs 4 002 877. The prevalence of polypharmacy increased significantly (2.5% vs 8.9%, P-value for trend <0.001), being greater in females throughout the study period and in the group aged ≥80 years (P-value for trends <0.001). The prevalence of excessive polypharmacy also increased significantly (0.1% vs 1%, P-value for trend <0.001), being higher in the group aged ≥80 years (P-value for trend <0.001). The proportion of patients with no chronic treatment decreased (80.2% vs 63.1%). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of polypharmacy in this Spanish population has tripled in the period 2005-2015, while excessive polypharmacy has increased 10-fold. These increments are seen in both sexes and in all age groups, particularly in individuals over 80 years of age. The proportion of patients without chronic treatments has decreased.


Assuntos
Bases de Dados Factuais/tendências , Prescrição Inadequada/tendências , Polimedicação , Vigilância da População/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos Transversais , Bases de Dados Factuais/normas , Prescrições de Medicamentos/normas , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Espanha/epidemiologia , Adulto Jovem
5.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 94: 0-0, 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-200474

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Una de las reacciones adversas del consumo de fármacos puede ser la ototoxicidad, tanto a nivel coclear como vestibular. Esto puede producir una clínica incapacitante por hipoacusia o sordera, acúfenos o tinnitus, o bien un síndrome vertiginoso. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las notificaciones de RAM ototóxicas registradas en la base de datos FEDRA del Sistema Español de Farmacovigilancia de medicamentos de uso humano (SEFV-H), manifestadas como acúfeno, describiendo factores epidemiológicos y pronósticos, así como principios activos y grupos terapéuticos asociados. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo sobre los registros de la base de datos FEDRA del SEFV-H, con sintomatología de acúfenos por ototoxicidad entre los años 1984 y 2017. Se usó el programa SPSS V.20.0. para la estadística descriptiva e inferencial, buscando factores relacionados con la aparición, gravedad o recuperación del acúfeno. RESULTADOS: Se obtuvieron un total de 662 notificaciones de pacientes con 899 fármacos sospechosos. Un 64% de los pacientes eran mujeres. La edad media fue de 55,8 años. Un 8,5% de los acúfenos se etiquetaron como graves, suponiendo una discapacidad persistente o significativa. Evaluando la causalidad con el algoritmo de Karch-Lasagna modificado o el algoritmo del SEFV-H, se encontró una asociación causal probable o definida en el 48,6% de los casos. En la clasificación ATC, el grupo más frecuente de fármacos causantes fue el N (sistema nervioso). Se obtuvo, entre otros datos, que la gravedad era mayor significativamente en hombres y que el grupo de edad influía en la recuperación del acúfeno. CONCLUSIONES: La aparición de acúfenos por una ototoxicidad medicamentosa puede condicionar una limitación importante en el paciente. Se debe realizar una monitorización de la función vestibular y coclear en pacientes sometidos a tratamientos con potencial ototóxico. La labor de la farmacovigilancia se muestra fundamental, debiéndose difundir sus resultados y estimular las notificaciones de las reacciones adversas a medicamentos para identificar los riesgos farmacológicos


OBJECTIVE: One of the adverse drug reactions (ADR) can be the Ototoxicity, either in a cochlear level or in a vestibular one. This may cause an incapacitating symptomatology due to a hearing impairment or deafness, tinnitus, or a vertiginous syndrome. The objective of this work was to analyze the notifications of ototoxic ADRs registered in the FEDRA database of the Spanish Pharmacovigilance System for Medicinal products for Human Use (SEFV-H), manifested as tinnitus, describing epidemiological and prognostic factors, as well as active principles and associated therapeutic groups. METHODS: An observational retrospective study based on the incoming registers in the FEDRA database of the SEFV-H, with tinnitus symptomatology due to ototoxicity between 1984 and 2017 has been carried out. SPSS V.20.0 program has been used for the descriptive and inferential statistics searching elements related to the emergence, seriousness or recuperation of the tinnitus. RESULTS: A total of 662 patients notifications were obtained with 899 suspected drugs. 64% of the patients were women. The average age was 55.8 years old. An 8.5% of the tinnitus were classified as serious, meaning a significant and persistent disability. Evaluating the causality through the modified Karch-Lasagna algorithm (SEFV-H algorithm), a causal group credible or well defined, was discovered in 48.6%. In the ATC ranking, the most frequent group of cause drugs was the N, nervous system. It was concluded, among others, that the seriousness is more significant in men and that the elder group have a great influence in the tinnitus recovery. CONCLUSIONS: The appearance of tinnitus brought on by medical ototoxicity may determine an important limitation on the patient. A vestibular and cochlear function monitoring must be carried out on patients under treatment with high ototoxicity drugs. The task of the pharmacovigilance seems to be essential, by spreading its results and stimulating the ADR notifications in order to identify pharmacological threats


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Sistemas de Notificação de Reações Adversas a Medicamentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos , Farmacovigilância , Zumbido/induzido quimicamente , Algoritmos , Bases de Dados Factuais , Pessoas com Deficiência Mental , Preparações Farmacêuticas , Estudos Retrospectivos , Espanha/epidemiologia
6.
Farm. comunitarios (Internet) ; 11(4): 21-31, dic. 2019. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-186884

RESUMO

Introducción: la colaboración entre médicos y farmacéuticos es necesaria en el manejo de los síntomas menores, ya que el paciente acude a ambos profesionales sanitarios para su tratamiento. El objetivo del estudio fue elaborar protocolos de trabajo consensuados entre farmacéuticos comunitarios y médicos de atención primaria para el Servicio de Indicación Farmacéutica (SIF). Material y método: se utilizaron dos metodologías: revisión bibliográfica y grupo de expertos para el consenso. Estos protocolos se actualizaron y diseñaron a partir de un documento previo de 2008. En el grupo de expertos se incluyeron cuatro farmacéuticos comunitarios de SEFAC (2), MICOF (2) y cuatro médicos de atención primaria de semFYC (2) y SEMERGEN (2). Resultados: se consensuaron protocolos de trabajo para 31 síntomas menores distribuidos en cinco grupos: respiratorios, dolor moderado, digestivos, dermatológicos y otros. Se añadieron cinco síntomas nuevos al documento de partida. Respecto a la estructura de cada síntoma se consideró: concepto, causas más frecuentes, criterios de derivación al médico (edad, síntomas de alarma, duración de los síntomas, otros problemas de salud y/o medicamentos y situaciones especiales), recomendaciones para la prevención y tratamiento (no farmacológico y farmacológico). Conclusión: el documento desarrollado mediante colaboración entre profesionales de la medicina y la farmacia es una herramienta que contribuye a la mejora de la actuación del farmacéutico en el manejo de los síntomas menores desde la farmacia comunitaria, con énfasis en la definición de indicadores que señalan la necesidad de derivar el paciente al médico de atención primaria


Background: To increase the collaboration between community pharmacists and medical practitioners working in primary care it is critical to have collaborative protocols in place. Minor ailments could be a good example where this collaboration would benefit patient care as patients are seeking treatment in both settings. These collaborative protocols would assist in diminishing the variability of treatments in both settings. The aim of the study was to develop care protocols for minor ailments agreed between medical practitioners and pharmacists Methods: Two different methodologies were used to arrive at a consensus for the proto-cols: literature review and expert group. Some of the clinical protocols were updated from a previous document created in 2008. Expert group was composed of four community pharma-cists (SEFAC, MICOF) and four medical practitioners (SemFyC y Semergen). Results: Thirty-one protocols for minor ailments were agreed and allocated to five groups (five new minor ailments protocols were added: respiratory tract-related conditions, gastrointestinal disturbance, pain, dermatological problems and others.Protocols were structured following: definition, more frequent causes, referral criteria (pa-tient’s age, red flags, symptom’s duration, patient’s health problems and treatments and physiological situations), recommendations for management (prevention, non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatment) and references used. Conclusions: Clinical protocols agreed between health professionals of medicine and phar-macy are a tool that contribute to better management of minor ailments in community pharmacy


Assuntos
Humanos , Relações Interprofissionais , Protocolos Clínicos , Farmácias , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Assistência Farmacêutica , Tratamento Farmacológico/métodos , Comunicação Interdisciplinar , Automedicação , Análise por Conglomerados
7.
Aten. prim. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 50(supl.2): 70-79, nov. 2018. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-179660

RESUMO

La creciente longevidad de la población, el aumento de la morbilidad y del consumo de medicamentos han provocado que la polimedicación sea un problema de salud prioritario por sus consecuencias en el incremento de efectos adversos, interacciones farmacológicas y favorecer el deterioro funcional del paciente. La situación clínica de los pacientes cambia a lo largo del tiempo y es preciso ajustar la medicación en cada etapa, valorando la fragilidad, el nivel de dependencia y el deterioro funcional. La labor de deprescribir es compleja y requiere una adecuada formación clínica y farmacológica. En atención primaria reside el mayor conocimiento del paciente y su entorno, y de forma compartida con el paciente y cuidadores se debe valorar qué medicamentos mantener y cuáles retirar desde una perspectiva clínica, ética y social. Existen herramientas de ayuda a la deprescripción que pueden resultar útiles para el médico de familia para facilitar este proceso y que se detallan en este artículo


The increasing longevity of the population, the increase in morbidity and the consumption of medications have caused that polypharmacy is a priority health problem due to its consequences: increase of adverse effects, pharmacological interactions and favor the functional deterioration of the patient. The clinical situation of the patients changes over time and it is necessary to adjust the medication in each stage, assessing the fragility, the level of dependence and the functional deterioration. Deprescription is complex and requires an adequate clinical and pharmacological formation. In Primary Care lies the greater knowledge of the patient and their environment, and in a shared way with the patient and caregivers, it is necessary to assess which drugs to maintain and which ones to withdraw from a clinical, ethical and social perspective. There are tools to help deprescription that can be useful for Primary Care to facilitate this process and that are detailed in this article


Assuntos
Humanos , Sobremedicalização , Prescrição Inadequada , Polimedicação
8.
Aten Primaria ; 50 Suppl 2: 70-79, 2018 11.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30279013

RESUMO

The increasing longevity of the population, the increase in morbidity and the consumption of medications have caused that polypharmacy is a priority health problem due to its consequences: increase of adverse effects, pharmacological interactions and favor the functional deterioration of the patient. The clinical situation of the patients changes over time and it is necessary to adjust the medication in each stage, assessing the fragility, the level of dependence and the functional deterioration. Deprescription is complex and requires an adequate clinical and pharmacological formation. In Primary Care lies the greater knowledge of the patient and their environment, and in a shared way with the patient and caregivers, it is necessary to assess which drugs to maintain and which ones to withdraw from a clinical, ethical and social perspective. There are tools to help deprescription that can be useful for Primary Care to facilitate this process and that are detailed in this article.


Assuntos
Desprescrições , Medicina de Família e Comunidade , Idoso Fragilizado , Doenças Neurodegenerativas , Assistência Terminal , Idoso , Humanos , Polimedicação , Atenção Primária à Saúde
9.
Rev. clín. med. fam ; 11(2): 116-119, jun. 2018. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-176086

RESUMO

La foliculitis por Pseudomonas aeruginosa se relaciona con el contacto de aguas contaminadas, generalmente piscinas, aguas termales o spa. Presentamos un caso en el que tras la búsqueda del foco de infección éste quedó indeterminado y en el que el tratamiento tópico fue ineficaz, requiriendo tratamiento antibiótico vía oral


Pseudomonas aeruginosa folliculitis iscaused by contact with contaminated water, generally in pools, thermal waters and spas. We present a case where, after searching, the source of infection remained unknown. The topical treatment was ineffective, requiring oral antibiotic therapy


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Foliculite/diagnóstico , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/patogenicidade , Infecções por Pseudomonas/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Dermatopatias Papuloescamosas/diagnóstico , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Antagonistas dos Receptores Histamínicos/uso terapêutico , Atenção Primária à Saúde/métodos
10.
Rev Esp Salud Publica ; 912017 Dec 22.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29269726

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Adverse drug reactions (ADR) are one of the ten main causes of mortality in the world, as a cause of hospital admissions or prolongation hospitalizations days created an important health and economic impact. This study aimed to detect incidence and characterize ADRs that occurred during hospitalization and associated with admission in Internal Medicine service. METHODS: Observational and prospective study of intensive RAM monitoring patients admitted in Internal Medicine services in a third level hospital over a twelve months period in 2014. The assessment consisted of a complete and protocol collecting information about the patients and related to suspected ADRs during hospitalization. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v.20.0. RESULTS: The study included 253 patients and in 54 (21,34%) ADR were detected, the risk of experiencing an ADR was associated with the age (p=0.012). ADR-related hospitalizations incidence were 7,11%, and fatal ADR incidence were 1,97%. With regard to severity 81,2% were severe. Gastrointestinal disorders represented the most common ADRs followed by metabolism and nutrition disorders and vascular disorders. The drugs most frequently associated with ADRs were cardiovascular agents, antiinfective drugs and central nervous system agents. 72.2% of the patients who suffered ADR had polypharmacy. CONCLUSIONS: In our study incidence of adverse drug reactions in hospitalized patients was 21,34%, this data and ADR´s related to admission to hospital or fatal ADR´s are mainly suffered by pluripathology and polymedicated elderly patients with worst renal function values. In these patients a more careful prescription should be made.


OBJETIVO: Las reacciones adversas a medicamentos de uso humano (RAM) son una de las diez principales causas de mortalidad a nivel mundial, siendo las que causan ingreso o prolongan la estancia hospitalaria las de mayor impacto sanitario y económico. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron conocer la incidencia y las características de las RAM en pacientes hospitalizados en los servicios de Medicina Interna. METODOS: Estudio observacional y prospectivo de monitorización intensiva de RAM de los pacientes ingresados en los servicios de Medicina Interna en un hospital de tercer nivel durante el año 2014. Se protocolizó la recogida de datos relativos al paciente así como las características de las RAM. El análisis estadístico se realizó con el software SPSS v.20.0. RESULTADOS: Se monitorizaron 253 pacientes. Se detectaron RAM en 54 pacientes (21,34%), encontrándose una asociación positiva entre la edad y la presencia de RAM (p=0.012). La incidencia de ingresos causados por una RAM fue de 7,11% y las RAM mortales fueron un 1,97%. Las RAM fueron graves en el 81,2% de los casos. Los órganos más afectados fueron el gastrointestinal, trastornos del metabolismo y de la nutrición y el vascular. Los grupos terapéuticos causantes de RAM más frecuentes fueron los agentes cardiovasculares, los antinfecciosos y los del sistema nervioso. El 72,2% de los pacientes que sufrieron RAM presentaban polimedicación. CONCLUSIONES: La incidencia de RAM en nuestro estudio se sitúa en el 21,34%. La carga de ingresos o de mortalidad derivados de una RAM la sufren, fundamentalmente, pacientes ancianos, pluripatológicos, polimedicados y con peores valores de función renal por lo que es en ellos en quien fundamentalmente se debería realizar una prescripción más cuidadosa.


Assuntos
Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos/epidemiologia , Hospitalização , Polimedicação , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Gastroenteropatias/induzido quimicamente , Gastroenteropatias/epidemiologia , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Admissão do Paciente , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Espanha/epidemiologia , Adulto Jovem
15.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 91: 0-0, 2017. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-169298

RESUMO

Fundamentos: Las reacciones adversas a medicamentos de uso humano (RAM) son una de las diez principales causas de mortalidad a nivel mundial, siendo las que causan ingreso o prolongan la estancia hospitalaria las de mayor impacto sanitario y económico. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron conocer la incidencia y las características de las RAM en pacientes hospitalizados en los servicios de Medicina Interna. Métodos: Estudio observacional y prospectivo de monitorización intensiva de RAM de los pacientes ingresados en los servicios de Medicina Interna en un hospital de tercer nivel durante el año 2014. Se protocolizó la recogida de datos relativos al paciente así como las características de las RAM. El análisis estadístico se realizó con el software SPSS v.20.0. Resultados: Se monitorizaron 253 pacientes. Se detectaron RAM en 54 pacientes (21,34%), encontrándose una asociación positiva entre la edad y la presencia de RAM (p=0.012). La incidencia de ingresos causados por una RAM fue de 7,11% y las RAM mortales fueron un 1,97%. Las RAM fueron graves en el 81,2% de los casos. Los órganos más afectados fueron el gastrointestinal, trastornos del metabolismo y de la nutrición y el vascular. Los grupos terapéuticos causantes de RAM más frecuentes fueron los agentes cardiovasculares, los antinfecciosos y los del sistema nervioso. El 72,2% de los pacientes que sufrieron RAM presentaban polimedicación. Conclusión: La incidencia de RAM en nuestro estudio se sitúa en el 21,34%. La carga de ingresos o de mortalidad derivados de una RAM la sufren, fundamentalmente, pacientes ancianos, pluripatológicos, polimedicados y con peores valores de función renal por lo que es en ellos en quien fundamentalmente se debería realizar una prescripción más cuidadosa (AU)


Objectives: Adverse drug reactions (ADR) are one of the ten main causes of mortality in the world, as a cause of hospital admissions or prolongation hospitalizations days created an important health and economic impact. This study aimed to detect incidence and characterize ADRs that occurred during hospitalization and associated with admission in Internal Medicine service. Methods: Observational and prospective study of intensive RAM monitoring patients admitted in Internal Medicine services in a third level hospital over a twelve months period in 2014. The assessment consisted of a complete and protocol collecting information about the patients and related to suspected ADRs during hospitalization. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v.20.0. Results: The study included 253 patients and in 54 (21,34%) ADR were detected, the risk of experiencing an ADR was associated with the age (p=0.012). ADR-related hospitalizations incidence were 7,11%, and fatal ADR incidence were 1,97%. With regard to severity 81,2% were severe. Gastrointestinal disorders represented the most common ADRs followed by metabolism and nutrition disorders and vascular disorders. The drugs most frequently associated with ADRs were cardiovascular agents, antiinfective drugs and central nervous system agents. 72.2% of the patients who suffered ADR had polypharmacy. Conclusion: In our study incidence of adverse drug reactions in hospitalized patients was 21,34%, this data and ADR´s related to admission to hospital or fatal ADR´s are mainly suffered by pluripathology and polymedicated elderly patients with worst renal function values. In these patients a more careful prescription should be made (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos/epidemiologia , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Gestão da Segurança/organização & administração , Estudos Prospectivos , Dano ao Paciente/prevenção & controle , Estudos de Coortes
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